Saturday, 18 April 2020

The Fun They Had answers

Thinking about the text (page10)
I.  Answer these questions in a few words or a couple of sentences each.
Question 1.
How old are Margie and Tommy?
Answer:
Maregi is 11 and Tommy is 13 years old.

Question 2.
What did margie write in her diary?
Answer:
Margie wrote in her diary. "Today, 17 May, 2157, Tommy found a real book."

Question 3.
Had margie ever seen a book before?
Answer:
No, Margie had never seen a book before.

Question 4.
What things about the book did she find strange?
Answer:
The books had yellow and wrinkled pages. The words of the book were still. They did not move as the words move on the computer screen. She found these things strange.

Question 5.
What do you think a telebook is?
Answer:
A telebook is displayed on the television screen and the text of a telebook is similar to a book.

Question 6.
Where was Margie's school? Did she have any classmates?
Answer:
Margie's School was near her own bedroom. She did not have any classmate.

Question 7.
What subjects did Margie and Tommy learn?
Answer:
Margie learnt Geography and Mathematics. Tommy learnt History and Mathematics.

II.  Answer the following with reference to the story.

Question 1.
"I wouldn't throw it away."
      1.  Who says these words?
      2.  What does 'it' refer to?
      3.  What is it being compared with by the speaker?

Answer:
      1.  Margie says these words.
      2.  It refers to that real book that Tommy found.
      3.  The speaker compares it with a telebook.

Question 2.
"Sure, they had a teacher, but it wasn't a regular teacher. It was a man."

      1.  Who does 'they' refer to?
      2.  What does regular mean here?
      3.  What is it contrasted with?

Answer:
      1.  'They' refer to the people of the old times.
      2.  Here, regular refers to the mechanical teacher than they had.
      3.  It is contrasted with a normal teacher of earlier times, who was a living human being.

III.  Answer each of these questions in a short paragraph (about 30 words).

Question 1.
What kind of teachers did Margie and Tommy have?
Answer:
Margie and Tommy had mechanical teachers. They were taught on computers and television screens. They didn't have a living person as a teacher who would teach the pupils in a classroom.

Question 2.
Why did Margie's mother sent for the County Inspector?
Answer:
Margie's mother sent for the County Inspector because the mechanical teacher was not functioning efficiently. It had been giving her test after test in geography and she had been doing worse and worse.

Question 3.
What did he do?
Answer:
He slowed down the mechanical teacher's speed upto an average 10 year level. The mechanical teacher's speed was controlled and adjusted according to the IQ level of Margie.

Question 4.
Why was Margie doing badly in geography? What did the County Inspector do to help her?
Answer:
Margie had been doing badly in geography. This was because the mechanical teacher was very fast in displaying the questionnaire. The County Inspector adjusted its speed upto an average 10 year level. Thus, the mechanical teacher's speed was controlled approximately. The County Inspector assured that the overall pattern of Margie's progress was quite satisfactory.

Question 5.
What had once happened to Tommy's teacher?
Answer:
Tommy's teacher was taken away for nearly a month because the history sector hand blanked out completely. So, Tommy had nothing to do during that period. You only relaxed and enjoyed.

Question 6.
Did Margie have regular days and hours for school? If so why?
Answer:
Yes, Margie had regular days and hours for school because her mother said little girls learned better if they learnt at regular hours.

Question 7.
How does Tommy describe the old kind of school?
Answer:
Tommy says that the old schools were different. They had a special building and all the kids went there to study. They laughed and shouted in the schoolyard. They enjoyed time together and learned lessons together in a classroom.

Question 8.
How does he describe the old kind of teachers?
Answer:
He says that the old teachers did not live in the house. They had a special building and all the kids went there. They gave homework to students. They were not mechanical teachers, but living human beings.

IV.   Answer each of these questions in two or three paragraphs. (100-150 words).

Question 1.
What are the main features of the mechanical teachers and the schoolrooms that Margie and Tommy have in the story?
Answer:
Margie and Tommy have mechanical teachers. They need not go to school for getting a formal education. The mechanical teacher is placed in one of the rooms of the house and they can get the knowledge of various subjects of individually from the mechanical teacher. They don't have such classrooms where students sit together. They study from the telebooks. So they don't require books and exercise books. The examination system is very different. They do homework in a different way. Margie has to write them out of a punch code. She learnt it when she was 6 years old. So the system of their education is technologically advanced and not based on printed books.

Question 2.
Why did Margie hate school? Why did she think the old kind of school must have been fun?
Answer:
Margie hated her school because she had a mechanical teacher. It was in her house. She was supposed to sit in that room alone to complete her hometask or assignments. The part Margie hated most was the slot where she had to put homework and test papers. She thought that the old schools must have been fun because the students used to sit together in the classroom. They enjoyed laughed and shouted in the schoolyard. Children needed company to enhance their skills. If they are isolated, they get depressed and dejected.

Question 3.
Do you agree with Margie that schools today are more fun than the school in the story? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
There is no doubt that today's schools are more funny than the future School discussed in the story. This school has nothing but a mechanical teacher with no emotions and sentiments. It does not have the ability to understand the psychology of a child. Moreover, it guides a pupil according to its adjusted modes. But today's schools work for the overall development of a child. They learn the same thing. The teachers are real human beings. They learn how to adapt themselves to the new surroundings and cope with the strangers. The students sit and learn together. These activities don't give vent to the feeling of depression, alienation and segregation.

Sunday, 12 April 2020

Use of Must and Ought (to)

MUST AND OUGHT (TO)
1.  Must is used to express duty, obligation,
     necessity, etc.; as,
          We are very late, so we must hurry.
          (Necessity)
          You must obey the law. (Duty)
          We must do some social work.
          (obligation)
2.  Ought (to) is used
     i)  to express moral obligation or duty: We
         ought to love our neighbours.
     ii) to express desirability: We ought to work
          hard to pass the examination.
    iii) to express strong probability: With so
          much of practice we ought to win the
          match.
Note: The idea of obligation can be expressed
           with 'should' or 'must' also, but 'ought' is
           used when a feeling of moral duty is
           involved.

Use of Could and Might

1.  Could and might are used as past tense of can
     and may; as,
          He said to me that I might/ could go.
          (Permission) permission
          I could swim across the river when I was
          young. (Ability)
          We thought he might come. (possibility)
2.  In modern usage could and might are used as
     less positive version of can and may; as,
          Might/ could I borrow your scooter? (Less
          positive but more polite than 'May/ Can I
          borrow?')

Use of Can and Could

Can and could
1.  Can is used to express the ability or capacity to do something; as,
      He can (= has the capacity to) cross the river.
      I can (= am able to) drive a car.
2.  Can or may is used to seek or grant
      permission,  can in an informal manner but
      may in a more formal and polite manner; as,
      Can I go? (quite casual and informal)
      yes, you can go home now.
      May I leave now? (more polite and formal).
      You may go home after finishing the work.
USAGE: Earlier it was uncommon to use 'can' to
               give or seek permission. Now can is
               common instead of may for asking or
               giving permission, so that children say
               'Can I come in?' or 'Can I leave the
               table?'
3.  Can or may is used to express a possibility;
     can shows a theoretical possibility but may
     shows a factual and positive possibility; as,
            Anyone can make a mistake.
            My uncle can visit us any day.
            The sky is overcast with clouds. It may
            rain.
            I am feeling well today. I may go to my
            office.
4.  May is used to express a personal wish; as,
            May you live long! May God bless you!

Saturday, 11 April 2020

Use of should and would

1.  Should and would are used as past tense of
     shall and will; as,
     I said that I would go. (Indirect of I said, "I will
     go")
     I promised that you should have a reward.
2.  Should is used
     i)  to express duty or obligation:
          We should obey our parents.
          You should keep your promise.
     ii) to express a supposition in a conditional
          clause:
          If he should come, ask him to wait.
          If it should rain, we shall cancel the party.
     Note: Should is as less forceful than must.
3.  Would is used to express a polite request in a
     question form:
     Would you lend me your book?
     Would you mind coming with me?
     Note: 'Would you' is more polite than 'will
                 you' though both imply the same thing.

Friday, 10 April 2020

Use of Shall Will

Shall and Will
1.  Shall is used for the first person and will for the second and third persons to express Future time; but will is used for the first person and shall for the second and third persons to show special determination; as,
    I shall come to you tomorrow. (Future)
    He will leave for Shimla this evening. (Future)
    I will come. (=I am determined to come and
                              nothing will change my plan.)
    He shall go. (= He is determined to go and
                              nothing will stop him to do so.)
Usage: In modern usage, all these distinctions have been fading. I, II  and III persons all use the auxiliary 'will' and 'would' in the Future Tense. Thus shall and should are dropping out of use in some positions.
2.   Shall is is used for all the three persons to express a command, a promise, or a threat;
 as,
          I say you shall not go. (Order or
                                                     command) 
          I promise I shall give you a reward.  
                                                    (Promise) 
          He shall be punished if he doesn't do it. 
                                                    (Threat)
3.    Shall is used in questions asked by one in
       the I person to know what the person
       addressed wills, wishes, suggests or
       thinks; as,
              Shall I call a doctor? (Do you wish me
                                                      to call a doctor?)
              Which pen shall I buy? (What is your
                                                             suggestion?)
4.    Will is used in the II person in the form of
       a question to invite or to request politely;
       as,
              Will you have tea? (inviting)
              Will you please type this letter?
                                                    (requesting)
5.    Will is used in the I person to express
        will, violition, promise, determination,
        willingness; etc., as,
               I will (=am willing to) do it for you.
               I will (=am determined to) win the
                          match.
               I will not (= promise not to) do it
                          again.
  

Wednesday, 8 April 2020

Tenses सीखने का सबसे सरल तरीका

Easiest way to learn Tenses

The Verb: Tenses
Tenses and their forms

Read the following sentences:
1. I write this letter.
2. I wrote the letter.
3. I shall write a letter.

In sentence 1, the verb right refers to the present time. The verb that refers to the present time is said to be in the Present Tense.

In sentence 2, the verb wrote refers to the past time post of the verb that refers to the past time is said to be in the Past Tense.

In sentence 3, the verb shall right refers to the future time. The word that refers to the future time is said to be in the future tense.

Tense means time- Present, Past and Future time.
Thus there are three main tenses the Present, the Past, the Future.
Each tense has four forms Simple, Continuous, Perfect and Perfect Continuous as shown below:
Present Simple: I write.
Past Simple: I wrote.
Future Simple: I shall write.
Present Continuous: I am writing.
Past Continuous: I was writing.
Future Continuous: I shall be writing.
Present Perfect: I have written.
Past Perfect: I had written.
Future Perfect: I shall have written.
Present Perfect Continuous: I have been writing.
Past Perfect Continuous: I had been writing. Future Perfect Continuous: I shall have been writing.

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